Understanding Hypertension

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Understanding Hypertension

There are no symptoms or signs of hypertension, you usually don't feel any different. In fact, nearly one-third of those who have hypertension don't know it. The only way to know if you have hypertension is to have your blood pressure checked.

Hypertension also refered to as high blood pressure, exists when either the systolic measurement is 140 or higher or the diastolic measurement is 90 or higher.

Normal: Less than 120/80
Prehypertension: 120-139/80-89
Stage 1 hypertension: 140-159/90-99
Stage 2 hypertension: 160 and above/100 and above

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There are two types of hypertension: essential, which accounts for 90% to 95% of cases, and secondary. The cause of essential hypertension is unknown, although lifestyle factors such as obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and excessive alcohol or salt intake contribute to the condition. In secondary hypertension, the cause may be kidney disease; hormonal imbalance; or drugs, including cocaine or alcohol.

Essential hypertension does not have an apparent cause. It may be due to genetics or diet.

Secondary hypertension is the result of another condition or disorder.

Once you are diagnosed with hypertension, your doctor will perform other tests such as blood and urine screening and an ECG to see if you have secondary hypertension.

Hypertension is typically treated by making changes in your lifestyle, and with drug therapy. Lifestyle changes include losing weight, stopping smoking, eating a healthy diet and getting enough exercise.

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